About Us
The Unified Ceilometer Network (UCN) is a collaboration between the Hampton University (HU), University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration (NOAA) on a ground-based ceilometer network to support activities that will provide a comprehensive three-dimensional assessment of the chemical and dynamical processes in the lower atmosphere that can aid future policy decisions and strategies to key questions on the influence of gases and aerosols in air quality, atmospheric composition and climate.
Background
In 2009, the National Research Council released the report titled “Observing Weather and Climate From the Ground Up: A Nationwide Network of Networks“.[1] This report recommended a “network of networks” which builds upon already existing radiosonde launch sites, wind profilers, and lidars into a national network to address the current inadequacies in determining the Mixing Layer Height (MLH). They stated that after sixty (60) years of remote sensing research, it is astounding that the MLH, an important meteorological variable, is not measured regularly throughout its diurnal cycle.
Due to the harmful effects on health caused by particulate matter and ozone, accurate forecasting of air quality conditions is needed for the public well-being. The MLH is one of the key diagnostics for identifying uncertainties in forecasting models as it contains most of the aerosols and its height determines the volume of the air available for pollutant dilution. Models with inaccurate MLHs will generally not predict surface pollutant concentrations correctly, likely an indication of inadequately simulated meteorological setup. Because of this, tools and methodologies that can accurately determine the height of the mixing layer are needed.
Ceilometer networks have been typically established by national weather services around the globe primarily designed for detection of clouds. The instrument capability of providing observations of the vertical structure of the boundary layer makes it a resourceful tool to study atmospheric phenomena. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requirement to state and local air quality agencies to measure hourly mixing layer height (MLH) at the national PAMS, will be the first concerted effort to use the ceilometer aerosol profiles for the determination of MLH in the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL). The primary purpose for the hourly MLH under PAMS was driven by the state’s State Implementation Plan (SIP) modeling data needs.
[1] National Research Council. 2009. Observing Weather and Climate from the Ground Up: A Nationwide Network of Networks. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/12540.